[ad_1]
PESHAWAR, Feb 23 (APP): Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, a unique province with a primitive history that witnessed the oldest civilizations, including Gandhara, is looking to digitally attract foreign investments essential for regional development. Appropriate projection in the media was necessary.
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the gateway to the Indo-Pakistani subcontinent, has a history of around 3,000 years and is characterized by its unique geographical location, archaeological heritage and the history of invaders who marched into India through the historic Khyber Pass. It had a primitive history that witnessed the onslaught of.
Bakhtsada Khan, a senior research officer in the archeology department, told APP on Friday that followers of almost all religions have come and stayed in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to achieve political, trade and business objectives. He said it has one of the richest histories in the subcontinent.
As a result, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has long been home to a variety of religions, including Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism, and Christianity, even before Islam.
He said the discovery of human bones in the Soan Valley in Pakistan’s Punjab province, along with evidence of stone and bone tools from the Early Paleolithic period (2 million to 90,000 years before present), suggests that people lived here. He said that it means that.
“In 1963, the excavations of Sangalo Cave in the village of Mian Khan in Mardan district by eminent archaeologists Ahmad Hasan Dhani and Farid Khan revealed that the Middle Paleolithic (9,000 to 27,000 It has been revealed that there are remains of people from 2000 to 2000.
These people lived in caves made of stone and met their food needs primarily by hunting birds and animals.
The discovery of primitive rocks, bones and hunting tools dating back to the Mesolithic or Mesolithic period (10,000 to 8,600 years before the present) during excavations at Kanpur and Sangalo Caves in Haripur district is a testament to Swat, where every stone speaks. It showed the existence of human life in dill. He spoke about their lifestyle, culture, livelihood and civilization.
As evidenced by the excavations at historic Mehar Ghar in Balochistan on the Indus River, people began making pots, utensils, and other utensils with clay and stone during the Neolithic period, or commonly known as the Neolithic period, about 8,000 years ago. It turns out that he started making kitchen utensils. Civilization, Rehman Deli Di Khan and Sheri Khan Tarkai Swabi.
These strong evidences further strengthened the idea that people lived in stone and mud houses in primitive times. Tombs of Aryan invaders have also been discovered in Aligram Swat, Sangota Chitral and Timergala Dir Lower, which date back to the Dark Ages around 2,000 BC.
“Semi-nomadic Aryans entered KP from the Afghan side and settled along the Swat, Gomal, Kurram and Kabul rivers before migrating to India. They set down roots in this province after conquering it and making it one of the provinces of the Achaemenid Empire.”
He said that reading and writing in Swatian, Dir, Mardan, Charsada, Peshawar and Malakand languages, famous in the Gandhara civilization, began primarily as evidence of inscriptions carved on stones by Iranians.
In 327 BC, Alexander the Great invaded the subcontinent through the Khyber Pass and faced stiff resistance when he tried to subdue the Yukhzai people in the Swat and Kunar valleys.
Alexander also lived in Taxila, where he met a bold young man named Chandragupta Maurya, an exiled prince of Magadha in eastern India, who decided to follow in Alexander’s footsteps and build an empire.
However, after the death of Alexander, his dreams were not fulfilled. Alexander’s general Seleucus then established control of the Indian territories. India’s Greeks, consisting of about 39 kings and queens, laid the foundations of their own culture and, in addition to promoting Buddhism, introduced Greek art styles that still exist in KP.
In 1001 AD, Mahmud Ghaznavi defeated Jayapala, the last Hindu Shahi king, after which Islam spread to the subcontinent, including KP.
In 1505, Zaheeruddin Babar, the founder of the Mughal Empire, entered the subcontinent through the Khyber Pass and captured present-day Kohat and Bannu districts, before overthrowing the last Lodi king and becoming emperor of Delhi.
After unifying Patan, Babar paved the way for Mughal rule of KP until the 18th century, and after Babar’s death, Humayun became Babar’s successor. Later, the Pathan commander Sher Shah Suri took over control of the area from him. However, Humayun Khan regained the throne after 15 years and his son Akbar became his successor.
He said Hushar Khan Khattak, who allied with the Mughals during the reign of Emperor Shah Jahan, was opposed by Yousafzais. However, King Shah Jahan appointed Khushal Khattak as an auxiliary tribal chief.
Khattak severed ties with the Mughal Empire during the reign of King Aurangzeb due to conflicts with the Mughal governor over toll collection. After Aurangzeb’s death in 1707, the Mughal Empire split into competing kingdoms, and the Persian ruler Nadir Shah gained control of the province with support from local Patan commanders.
Bakzada said that Ahmad Shah Abdali launched several expeditions from Peshawar to many places across India.
However, Abdali’s rule (1747-1772) was briefly interrupted by Maratha invasions in the early 1750s, but in 1761 Abdali succeeded in regaining control of KP. The Abdali province then came under Sikh control under the command of Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1818. He captured Peshawar in 1923.
He said Sayyid Ahmad Shah was against Sikhs. However, due to lack of unity among the Pathans, he was defeated at Balakot. After Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s death in 1839, Sikhs fought against each other, and finally in 1849 the British established control over KP under the guise of the East India Company.
He said Mirza Ali Khan, a Wazir from Waziristan, spearheaded an unsuccessful civil disobedience movement against the British in 1936. The Kīraft and Hijrat movements also took place in this region, but they were not successful.
Another popular freedom movement, also known as the non-violent movement, was started by freedom fighters Abdul Ghaffar Khan and his brother Dr Khan Sahib, after which KP was granted autonomy in 1937.
“The history of Pakistan would not be complete without mentioning the outstanding role of the people of KP and the students of Islamia College Peshawar in the Pakistan movement,” said Muhammad Younas Khan, Director of Pakistan Studies, with APP. said in an interview.
The people of KP warmly welcomed the father of the nation Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah and voted in favor of the All India Muslim League when he visited here in 1946, he added. .
“The Muslim League secured the maximum number of seats in the 1946 elections, but after its historic victory, no one could stop Pakistan’s independence movement from this province,” he added.
He said that in the July 1947 referendum, the Muslim League won a landslide victory in KP with over 200,000 votes and the people declared it to be part of Pakistan.
Abdul Ghaffar Khan and his brother Khan Sahib, KP’s first prime minister, had asked the government to name the province to reflect its Pathan identity.
However, the name Pashtunistan was rejected as being too controversial, and the province was given the name North-West Frontier Province (NWFP).
The province was then renamed Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in 2010 under the PPP-ANP coalition government under the 18th Constitutional Amendment.
Bakhtsada Khan said that if the historical importance of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is properly showcased through digital media such as short videos, films and photographs, it has the potential to become a hub for international tourists.
He said that Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has many ruins of Gandhara civilization, especially in Takhtbai, Mardan and Swat districts, and proper projection on social media platforms is essential to attract foreign investment through tourism. Ta.
Experts said tourism is a natural resource that has the potential to turn around the state’s economy if it is properly showcased through digital media and under the auspices of the government.
[ad_2]
Source link
